Holographic multi-stereogram constructed from computer images : Applied 3-D printer

Kjell Einar Olsen

Cand.scient. thesis in Optics and Laser physics, Department of Physics, UoB, May 1996

Contents

• Summary

• 1 Introduction

• 2 Holographic methods
  2.1 What is a hologram ?
  2.2 Applications of holograms
  2.3 The most common types of holograms
  
  2.3.1 Transmission hologram
  2.3.2 Reflection hologram
  2.3.3 Rainbow hologram
  2.3.4 Thick and thin holograms
  
  2.4 Embossed holograms
  2.5 Holographic optical elements (HOE)
  2.6 Head-up display
  

• 3 Theory
  3.1 Formation and reconstruction of a hologram

• 4 He-Ne laser
  4.1 The laser principle
  4.2 Measurements of laser beam stability
  4.3 Laser modes
  4.4 Coherence and visibility
  
  4.4.1 Measurements of coherence length

• 5 Recording materials
  5.1 Silver-halide materials
  5.1.1 Holographic film
  5.1.2 The design angel for a holographic set-up
  5.1.3 Film emulsion for transmission and rainbow holograms
  5.1.4 Film emulsion for reflection holograms
  
  5.2 Non silver halide materials
  5.2.1 Dichromate gelatine
  5.2.2 Du Ponts photopolymer materials
  5.2.3 Photoresist materials
  

• 6 Developing process
  6.1 The development process in holography
  6.1.1 The silver-halide process
  6.1.2 Holographic developers
  6.1.3 Chemical development
  6.1.4 Agfa GP 62 developer
  
  6.2 Conventional Black and White developers
  6.2.1 Kodak D-19 developer
  6.3 Photographic fixation
  6.4 Bleaching of holographic film emulsions
  
  6.4.1 General bleaching theory
  6.4.2 General considerations
  6.4.3 Reversal bleaches for reflection holograms
  6.4.4 Rehalogenating bleaching for transmission and rainbow holograms
  
  6.5 The experimental developer process
  6.5.1 Reflection holograms
  6.5.2 Transmission and rainbow holograms
  

• 7 Preliminary holography experiments
  7.1 Experiment 1 : Recording reflection holograms from an object
  7.2 Experiment 2 : Recording reflection holograms from a picture on a transparency film
  7.3 Experiment 3 : Quality reduction of the hologram caused by depolarising effects from the ground glass
  

• 8 LCD and computer images
  8.1 The LCD principle
  8.2 Construction of computer images
  

• 9 Holographic printer
  9.1 The holographic printer
  9.2 The controller for the holographic printer
  9.3 The shutter controller
  9.4 The step motor
  9.5 The software program
  

• 10 Holographic multi-stereogram
  10.1 Holographic stereogram
  10.2 The choice of slit width in HMS
  10.3 Parallax
  10.4 Exposure
  
  10.4.1 Exposure of the holograms in HMS

• 11 Stability and calculations
  11.1 Vibrational stability of the optical set-up
  11.1.1 Vibration measurements
  11.2 Depolarisation effects
  11.3 Spatial filter
  
  11.3.1 Calculation of the pinhole
  11.4 Temperature changes of the film during the exposure

• 12 Holographic experiments
  12.1 Experiment 1 : Recording transmission holograms from one computer picture
  12.2 Experiment 2 : Recording 2-step reflection holograms
  12.3 Experiment 3 : Recording reflection holograms from one computer picture
  12.4 Experiment 4 : Recording holographic transmission multi-stereograms
  12.5 Experiment 5 : Recording 2-step reflection holograms from a master transmission multi-stereogram
  12.6 Experiment 6 : Recording 1-step holographic reflection multi-stereograms
  12.7 Experiment 7 : Recording 2-step rainbow holograms from a master transmission multi-stereogram
  

• 13 Conclusion

• 14 Literature list

• 15 Equipment list

• 16 Drawings